Alina Stozhok
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1315-7854
ADAPTATION TO CHANGE: OPTIMISING EMPLOYEE MOBILITY IN UKRAINE’S DYNAMIC LABOUR MARKET
Full text (pdf)
Language: Ukrainian
Abstract. The article argues for the importance of developing market-relevant skills to enhance workers’ social mobility, a key factor in shaping socio-economic security, especially in light of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and russian full-scale invasion in 2022. It examines the impact of forced migration of Ukrainians, the mobilization of men, and socio-economic transformations on the needs of employees and employers. The author identifies new factors that reduce employee mobility, shaping the concept of job security, which is a priority requirement for employment. A detailed analysis of the ratio of vacancies to job seekers has been conducted, highlighting hiring trends in Ukrainian companies. The paper substantiates the need for retraining programmes and qualification upgrades to prevent a decline in workforce mobility. It discusses the importance of developing market-relevant skills and enhancing labour mobility for successful European integration, with an analysis of effective practices for bridging the skilled labour gap. The paper characterises mobility trends in the IT market and investigates the role of skills in the mobility of IT outsourcing employees. The role of employee mobility, in particular in the IT sector, in maintaining economic stability and national sustainability of the state is emphasised. The article also highlights the importance of aligning skills with professions to enhance mobility and explores differences in the perceptions of over- and under-qualification between employees and employers. Additionally, it stresses the significance of skills development for adapting and reintegrating war-affected populations into the workforce. In conclusion, the article underscores the need for a skills-oriented organisational culture to improve employee mobility, retention, engagement, productivity, and loyalty. It also proposes ways to implement effective corporate programmes.
Keywords: skills, mobility, employees, labour market, IT sector.
https://doi.org/10.32987/2617-8532-2024-4-87-102
Keywords: skills, mobility, employees, labour market, IT sector.
https://doi.org/10.32987/2617-8532-2024-4-87-102
References:
1. International Organization for Migration. (2024). Millions Assisted, Millions More Still in Need Two Years into Ukraine War, Says IOM. Retrieved from https://ukraine.iom.int/news/millions-assisted-millions-more-still-need-two-years-ukraine-war-says-iom.
2. Confederation of Employers of Ukraine. (2023). More than 45 thousand Ukrainians received disability during 10 months of war. Retrieved from https://tinyurl.com/y5f6ddnb [in Ukrainian].
3. Miroshnychenko, O. (2023). How Ukraine can compensate for the loss of 30% of its labour potential. Ekonomichna Pravda. Retrieved from https://www.epravda.com.ua/columns/2023/05/10/699925/ [in Ukrainian].
4. Centre for Economic Strategy. (2024). Ukraine War Economy Tracker. Economy during the war. Retrieved from https://ces.org.ua/en/tracker-economy-during-the-war/.
5. Pension Fund of Ukraine. (2024). Information on the number of pensioners by type and number of pensions granted as of 1 July 2024. Infographic 2024. Retrieved from https://www.pfu.gov.ua/2165988-informatsiya-shhodo-chyselnosti-pensioneriv-za-vydamy-ta-rozmiramy-pryznachenyh-pensij-stanom-na-1-lypnya-2024-roku/ [in Ukrainian].
6. Pension Fund of Ukraine. (2024). Report on the work of the Pension Fund of Ukraine in the first quarter of 2024. Retrieved from https://www.pfu.gov.ua/2165273-zvit-pro-robotu-organiv-pensijnogo-fondu-ukrayiny-u-i-kvartali-2024-roku/ [in Ukrainian].
7. State Employment Service. (2024). Results of the survey of employers in Ukraine. Retrieved from https://dcz.gov.ua/stat [in Ukrainian].
8. National Bank of Ukraine. (2024). Macroeconomic indicators. Statistics. Retrieved from https://bank.gov.ua/ua/statistic/macro-indicators [in Ukrainian].
9. United Nations. (2024). World Population Prospects 2024. Retrieved from https://population.un.org/wpp/.
10. UNHCR. (2024). Protection Risks and Needs of Refugees from Ukraine. Retrieved from https://data.unhcr.org/en/dataviz/330?sv=54&geo=0.
11. State Employment Service. (2024). The number of vacancies and the number of job seekers registered with the State Employment Service as of 1 August 2024. Statistical information. Retrieved from https://dcz.gov.ua/stat/statfile [in Ukrainian].
12. State Employment Service. (2024). Dashboard for the provision of services. Retrieved from https://dcz.gov.ua/stat/profanalis [in Ukrainian].
13. Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. (2024). EU4Skills: the best skills for modern Ukraine. Retrieved from https://mon.gov.ua/tag/eu4skills?&type=all&tag=eu4skills [in Ukrainian].
14. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) Ukraine. (2023). Improving employment opportunities for internally displaced persons and supporting the reform of vocational training in Ukraine. Retrieved from https://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/80994.html.
15. Delegation of the European Union to Ukraine. (2023). EU Highlights Achievements and Significant Contributions to Vocational Education in Ukraine during the EU4Skills Programme Final Event in Kyiv. Retrieved from https://www.eeas.europa.eu/delegations/ukraine/eu-highlights-achievements-and-significant-contributions-vocational-education_en?s=232.
16. Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. (2024). 1200 skilled workers to restore Ukraine’s economy: how the Ministry of Education and Science is preparing vocational schools for post-war reconstruction. Retrieved from https://mon.gov.ua/news/1200-kvalifikovanykh-robitnykiv-dlia-vidnovlennia-ekonomiky-ukrainy-iak-v-mon-hotuiut-proftekhy-do-pisliavoiennoi-vidbudovy [in Ukrainian].
17. Education for Veterans. (n. d.). Retrieved from https://osvitaveteraniv.gov.ua/ [in Ukrainian].
18. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) Ukraine. (2024). Initial and further training of skilled labour for recovery and rebuilding. Retrieved from https://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/138808.html.
19. European Commission. (2023). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on Skills and Talent Mobility. Brussels, 15.11.2023 COM (2023) 715 final. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM%3A2023%3A715%3AFIN.
20. Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. (2024). The rules for admission to postgraduate studies in 2024 have been updated. Retrieved from https://mon.gov.ua/news/onovleni-pravyla-vstupu-na-navchannia-do-aspirantury-u-2024-rotsi [in Ukrainian].
21. State Employment Service. (2023). Labour market situation and activities of the State Employment Service in January-August 2023. Retrieved from https://old.dcz.gov.ua/sites/default/files/infofiles/08_sytuaciya_na_rp_ta_diyalnist_dsz_2023_0.pdf [in Ukrainian].
22. Lviv IT Cluster. (2023). IT Research Ukraine 2023: Adaptability and resilience in times of war. A comprehensive study of the IT industry. Retrieved from https://itcluster.lviv.ua/projects/it-research/ [in Ukrainian].
23. No Fluff Jobs. (2023). IT Professionals on the Move. Digital nomadism, workation, relocation. Report. Retrieved from https://nofluffjobs.com/en/insights/it-professionals-on-the-move-report/.
24. IT Ukraine Association. (2022). Do IT Like Ukraine Research: tech industry is growing despite the war. Retrieved from https://itukraine.org.ua/it-reports-do-it-like-ukraine/ [in Ukrainian].
25. DOU. (2024). Prospects and challenges of Ukrainian IT in 2024: based on observations after visiting the Stockholm Tech Show. Retrieved from https://dou.ua/forums/topic/49205/ [in Ukrainian].
26. OECD. (2023). Measuring skill gaps in firms: the PIAAC Employer Module. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/measuring-skill-gaps-in-firms-the-piaac-employer-module_903c19c9-en.html.
27. University of Phoenix. (2023). Building Internal Talent Mobility: The New Business Imperative. Career with Confidence. Retrieved from https://www.phoenix.edu/press-release/university-of-phoenix-and-executive-networks-share-findings-on-internal-talent.html.
2. Confederation of Employers of Ukraine. (2023). More than 45 thousand Ukrainians received disability during 10 months of war. Retrieved from https://tinyurl.com/y5f6ddnb [in Ukrainian].
3. Miroshnychenko, O. (2023). How Ukraine can compensate for the loss of 30% of its labour potential. Ekonomichna Pravda. Retrieved from https://www.epravda.com.ua/columns/2023/05/10/699925/ [in Ukrainian].
4. Centre for Economic Strategy. (2024). Ukraine War Economy Tracker. Economy during the war. Retrieved from https://ces.org.ua/en/tracker-economy-during-the-war/.
5. Pension Fund of Ukraine. (2024). Information on the number of pensioners by type and number of pensions granted as of 1 July 2024. Infographic 2024. Retrieved from https://www.pfu.gov.ua/2165988-informatsiya-shhodo-chyselnosti-pensioneriv-za-vydamy-ta-rozmiramy-pryznachenyh-pensij-stanom-na-1-lypnya-2024-roku/ [in Ukrainian].
6. Pension Fund of Ukraine. (2024). Report on the work of the Pension Fund of Ukraine in the first quarter of 2024. Retrieved from https://www.pfu.gov.ua/2165273-zvit-pro-robotu-organiv-pensijnogo-fondu-ukrayiny-u-i-kvartali-2024-roku/ [in Ukrainian].
7. State Employment Service. (2024). Results of the survey of employers in Ukraine. Retrieved from https://dcz.gov.ua/stat [in Ukrainian].
8. National Bank of Ukraine. (2024). Macroeconomic indicators. Statistics. Retrieved from https://bank.gov.ua/ua/statistic/macro-indicators [in Ukrainian].
9. United Nations. (2024). World Population Prospects 2024. Retrieved from https://population.un.org/wpp/.
10. UNHCR. (2024). Protection Risks and Needs of Refugees from Ukraine. Retrieved from https://data.unhcr.org/en/dataviz/330?sv=54&geo=0.
11. State Employment Service. (2024). The number of vacancies and the number of job seekers registered with the State Employment Service as of 1 August 2024. Statistical information. Retrieved from https://dcz.gov.ua/stat/statfile [in Ukrainian].
12. State Employment Service. (2024). Dashboard for the provision of services. Retrieved from https://dcz.gov.ua/stat/profanalis [in Ukrainian].
13. Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. (2024). EU4Skills: the best skills for modern Ukraine. Retrieved from https://mon.gov.ua/tag/eu4skills?&type=all&tag=eu4skills [in Ukrainian].
14. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) Ukraine. (2023). Improving employment opportunities for internally displaced persons and supporting the reform of vocational training in Ukraine. Retrieved from https://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/80994.html.
15. Delegation of the European Union to Ukraine. (2023). EU Highlights Achievements and Significant Contributions to Vocational Education in Ukraine during the EU4Skills Programme Final Event in Kyiv. Retrieved from https://www.eeas.europa.eu/delegations/ukraine/eu-highlights-achievements-and-significant-contributions-vocational-education_en?s=232.
16. Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. (2024). 1200 skilled workers to restore Ukraine’s economy: how the Ministry of Education and Science is preparing vocational schools for post-war reconstruction. Retrieved from https://mon.gov.ua/news/1200-kvalifikovanykh-robitnykiv-dlia-vidnovlennia-ekonomiky-ukrainy-iak-v-mon-hotuiut-proftekhy-do-pisliavoiennoi-vidbudovy [in Ukrainian].
17. Education for Veterans. (n. d.). Retrieved from https://osvitaveteraniv.gov.ua/ [in Ukrainian].
18. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) Ukraine. (2024). Initial and further training of skilled labour for recovery and rebuilding. Retrieved from https://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/138808.html.
19. European Commission. (2023). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on Skills and Talent Mobility. Brussels, 15.11.2023 COM (2023) 715 final. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM%3A2023%3A715%3AFIN.
20. Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. (2024). The rules for admission to postgraduate studies in 2024 have been updated. Retrieved from https://mon.gov.ua/news/onovleni-pravyla-vstupu-na-navchannia-do-aspirantury-u-2024-rotsi [in Ukrainian].
21. State Employment Service. (2023). Labour market situation and activities of the State Employment Service in January-August 2023. Retrieved from https://old.dcz.gov.ua/sites/default/files/infofiles/08_sytuaciya_na_rp_ta_diyalnist_dsz_2023_0.pdf [in Ukrainian].
22. Lviv IT Cluster. (2023). IT Research Ukraine 2023: Adaptability and resilience in times of war. A comprehensive study of the IT industry. Retrieved from https://itcluster.lviv.ua/projects/it-research/ [in Ukrainian].
23. No Fluff Jobs. (2023). IT Professionals on the Move. Digital nomadism, workation, relocation. Report. Retrieved from https://nofluffjobs.com/en/insights/it-professionals-on-the-move-report/.
24. IT Ukraine Association. (2022). Do IT Like Ukraine Research: tech industry is growing despite the war. Retrieved from https://itukraine.org.ua/it-reports-do-it-like-ukraine/ [in Ukrainian].
25. DOU. (2024). Prospects and challenges of Ukrainian IT in 2024: based on observations after visiting the Stockholm Tech Show. Retrieved from https://dou.ua/forums/topic/49205/ [in Ukrainian].
26. OECD. (2023). Measuring skill gaps in firms: the PIAAC Employer Module. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/measuring-skill-gaps-in-firms-the-piaac-employer-module_903c19c9-en.html.
27. University of Phoenix. (2023). Building Internal Talent Mobility: The New Business Imperative. Career with Confidence. Retrieved from https://www.phoenix.edu/press-release/university-of-phoenix-and-executive-networks-share-findings-on-internal-talent.html.